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Touch
from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(2024-6-13 14:41)
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[Revised entry by Matthew Fulkerson on June 12, 2024.
Changes to: Main text, Bibliography]
The sense of touch is one of the central forms of perceptual experience. While it has often been overshadowed by vision in both philosophy and psychology, recent years have seen an increased interest in touch. Touch is thought to be one of the first senses to develop. Unlike the other modalities, which have distinct sensory organs, touch spans across the whole body using a variety of receptors in the skin, muscles, and viscera. It often combines these signals with motor feedback as we actively move and explore the world, and...
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第12期研究費部会（第8回）の開催について
from 文部科学省 新着情報
(2024-6-13 14:08)
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看護学教育モデル・コア・カリキュラムの改訂に関する連絡調整委員会（第3回）の開催について
from 文部科学省 新着情報
(2024-6-13 14:00)
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研究開発基盤部会（第25回）の開催について
from 文部科学省 新着情報
(2024-6-13 14:00)
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宇宙開発利用部会 国際宇宙ステーション・国際宇宙探査小委員会（第63回）の開催について
from 文部科学省 新着情報
(2024-6-13 14:00)
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研究環境基盤部会（第118回）の開催について
from 文部科学省 新着情報
(2024-6-13 14:00)
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Moral Naturalism
from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(2024-6-13 13:45)
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[Revised entry by Matthew Lutz on June 12, 2024.
Changes to: Main text]
'Moral naturalism' is a term with a variety of meanings in ethics, but it usually refers to the version of moral realism according to which moral facts are natural facts. That is the subject of this entry. Naturalistic approaches to ethics are as old as moral theory itself. Both Aristotelian and Confucian ethics, for instance, contain...
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学術分科会（第91回）の開催について
from 文部科学省 新着情報
(2024-6-13 12:00)
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Methodological Individualism
from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(2024-6-13 11:56)
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[Revised entry by Joseph Heath on June 12, 2024.
Changes to: Main text, Bibliography]
This doctrine was introduced as a methodological precept for the social sciences by Max Weber, most importantly in the first chapter of Economy and Society (1922). It amounts to the claim that social phenomena must be explained by showing how they result from individual actions, which in turn must be explained through reference to the intentional states that motivate the individual actors. It involves, in other words, a commitment to the primacy of what Talcott Parsons would later call "the action frame of reference"...
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Units and Levels of Selection
from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(2024-6-13 11:26)
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[Revised entry by Elisabeth Lloyd on June 12, 2024.
Changes to: Main text, Bibliography, notes.html]
The theory of evolution by natural selection is, perhaps, the crowning intellectual achievement of the biological sciences. There is considerable debate, though, about which entities are selected in an evolutionary process. This article aims to clarify these debates by identifying four distinct, though often confused, theoretical and empirical research questions, as well as two schools of multilevel genetics; the debates themselves are clarified by highlighting which of these four research questions, or their combinations, are central...
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