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RSS/ATOM 記事 (74185)
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Hans-Georg Gadamer
from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(2016-9-22 10:01)
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[Revised entry by Jeff Malpas on September 21, 2016.
Changes to: Bibliography]
Hans-Georg Gadamer is the decisive figure in the development of twentieth century hermeneutics - almost certainly eclipsing, in terms of influence and reputation, the other leading figures, including Paul Ricoeur, and also Gianni Vattimo (Vattimo was himself one of Gadamer's students). Trained in neo-Kantian scholarship, as well as in classical philology, and profoundly affected by the philosophy of Martin Heidegger, Gadamer developed a distinctive and...
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Thick Ethical Concepts
from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(2016-9-22 9:57)
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[New Entry by Pekka Väyrynen on September 21, 2016.]
Evaluative terms and concepts are often divided into "thin" and "thick". We don't evaluate actions and persons merely as good or bad, or right or wrong, but also as kind, courageous, tactful, selfish, boorish, and cruel. The latter are examples of thick concepts, the general class of which includes virtue and vice concepts such as generous and selfish, practical concepts such as shrewd and imprudent,...
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Fideism
from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(2016-9-22 9:52)
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[Revised entry by Richard Amesbury on September 21, 2016.
Changes to: Main text, Bibliography, notes.html]
"What indeed has Athens to do with Jerusalem?" (246) This question of the relation between reason - here represented by Athens - and faith - represented by Jerusalem - was posed by the church father Tertullian (c.160 - 230 CE), and it remains a central preoccupation among contemporary philosophers of religion. "Fideism" is the name given to that school of...
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Pragmatist Feminism
from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(2016-9-22 9:43)
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[Revised entry by Judy Whipps and Danielle Lake on September 21, 2016.
Changes to: Main text, Bibliography, notes.html]
Pragmatist feminism is a developing field of philosophy that emerged in the 1990s as a new approach to feminist philosophy. It utilizes and integrates core concepts of pragmatism, including its emphasis on pluralism, lived experience and public philosophy, with feminist theory and practice in order to engage in social issues. Pragmatist feminist philosophers have been addressing several different projects over the past decades, including a) the recovery of women who were influential in the development of American pragmatism but whose work...
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Paul Feyerabend
from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(2016-9-22 9:40)
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[Revised entry by John Preston on September 21, 2016.
Changes to: Bibliography]
Paul Feyerabend (b.1924, d.1994), having studied science at the University of Vienna, moved into philosophy for his doctoral thesis, made a name for himself both as an expositor and (later) as a critic of Karl Popper's "critical rationalism", and went on to become one of the twentieth century's most famous philosophers of science. An imaginative maverick, he became a critic of philosophy of science itself, particularly of "rationalist" attempts to lay down...
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Non-monotonic Logic
from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(2016-9-20 13:10)
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[Revised entry by Christian Strasser and G. Aldo Antonelli on September 19, 2016.
Changes to: Main text]
The term "non-monotonic logic" (in short, NML) covers a family of formal frameworks devised to capture and represent defeasible inference, i.e., that kind of inference in which reasoners draw conclusions tentatively, reserving the right to retract them in the light of further information. Examples are numerous, reaching from inductive generalizations to abduction to inferences on the basis of expert opinion, etc. We find defeasible inferences in everyday reasoning, in expert reasoning (e.g. medical diagnosis), and in...
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Ayn Rand
from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(2016-9-20 12:57)
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[Revised entry by Neera K. Badhwar and Roderick T. Long on September 19, 2016.
Changes to: Main text, Bibliography]
Ayn Rand (1905 - 1982) was a novelist-philosopher who outlined a comprehensive philosophy, including an epistemology and a theory of art, in her novels and essays. Early in her career she also wrote short stories, plays, and screenplays. Rand's first and most autobiographical novel, We the Living (1936), set in the Soviet Union, was published only after many rejections, owing to widespread sympathy for the Soviet "experiment" among the intellectuals of the day. We the Living was quickly followed...
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Śāntideva
from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(2016-9-20 10:48)
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[New Entry by Charles Goodman on September 19, 2016.]Śāntideva (late 7th to mid-8th century CE) was a Buddhist monk, philosopher, and poet whose reflections on the overall structure of Buddhist moral commitments reach a level of generality and theoretical power that is hard to find elsewhere in Indian thought. His writings were immensely influentialin the development of the Tibetan religious tradition. Though Śāntideva repeatedly denied that he had said anything original, his two major works may nevertheless represent the single...
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平成29年度における免許状更新講習の開設予定調査
from 文部科学省 新着情報
(2016-9-18 4:00)
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平成28年度学校等における省エネルギー対策に関する講習会の開催について
from 文部科学省 新着情報
(2016-9-18 4:00)
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