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Hegel's Aesthetics
from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(2016-2-3 11:50)
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[Revised entry by Stephen Houlgate on February 2, 2016.
Changes to: Main text, Bibliography]
G.W.F. Hegel's aesthetics, or philosophy of art, forms part of the extraordinarily rich German aesthetic tradition that stretches from J.J. Winckelmann's Thoughts on the Imitation of the Painting and Sculpture of the Greeks (1755) and G.E. Lessing's Laocoon (1766) through Immanuel Kant's Critique of the Power of Judgment (1790) and Friedrich Schiller's Letters on the Aesthetic Education of Man (1795) to Friedrich...
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Liberalism in Latin America
from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(2016-2-2 11:49)
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[New Entry by Faviola Rivera on February 1, 2016.]
Liberalism was the dominant political discourse in Latin America during most of the nineteenth century. Initially, in the first half of the century, it was a discourse of liberation from colonial rule in Hispanic America. Later, in the second half, liberalism was firmly established as an ideology of nation building in most of the region. However, by the mid twentieth century, liberalism had mostly vanished from the political scene, except for the case of Colombia where the liberal party continued to be a live political option until the end of...
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Disability and Health Care Rationing
from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(2016-1-30 15:31)
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[New Entry by Jerome Bickenbach on January 29, 2016.]
In the 1990s philosophers, in particular bioethicists, debated the broad question of the justice of health care resource allocation, and in particular the ethical pros and cons of the dominant rationing strategy based on cost effectiveness analysis (CEA) with benefit characterized in terms of "quality of life". A dominant theme in this literature was whether a pre-existing health state, or resulting health outcome, should be taken into account when allocating health resources. More specifically, the debate centered on whether a...
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Feminist Perspectives on Sex and Gender
from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(2016-1-30 11:43)
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[Revised entry by Mari Mikkola on January 29, 2016.
Changes to: Main text, Bibliography, notes.html]
Feminism is said to be the movement to end women's oppression (hooks 2000, 26). One possible way to understand 'woman' in this claim is to take it as a sex term: 'woman' picks out human females and being a human female depends on various biological and anatomical features (like genitalia). Historically many feminists have understood 'woman' differently: not as a sex term, but as a gender term that depends on social and cultural factors (like social...
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Philosophy of Liberation
from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(2016-1-29 15:31)
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[New Entry by Eduardo Mendieta on January 28, 2016.]
Philosophy of Liberation is the collective name for a philosophical movement and method of doing philosophy that emerged at first in Argentina during the late sixties, but that went on to spread throughout Latin American during the early seventies. It is for this reason that sometimes some critics and historiographers of the philosophy of liberation make reference to a "strict" and a "broad" conception of the philosophy of liberation, in order to refer to the immediate context of its earliest articulations, and to its later general dissemination and development. The philosophy...
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Popper, Karl: Philosophy of Science
from Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(2016-1-28 16:05)
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Karl Popper: Philosophy of Science Karl Popper (1902-1994) was one of the most influential philosophers of science of the 20th century. He made significant contributions to debates concerning general scientific methodology and theory choice, the demarcation of science from non-science, the nature of probability and quantum mechanics, and the methodology of the social sciences. His … Continue reading Popper, Karl: Philosophy of Science →
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Margaret Fell
from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(2016-1-28 10:16)
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[Revised entry by Jacqueline Broad on January 27, 2016.
Changes to: Main text, Bibliography]
On the strength of her 1666 pamphlet, Womens Speaking Justified, the Quaker writer Margaret Fell has been hailed as a feminist pioneer. In this short tract, Fell puts forward several arguments in favour of women's preaching. She asserts the spiritual equality of the sexes, she appeals to female exempla in the Bible, and she reinterprets key scriptural passages that appear to endorse women's subordination to men. Some scholars, however,...
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Incommensurable Values
from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(2016-1-26 11:47)
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[Revised entry by Nien-hê Hsieh on January 25, 2016.
Changes to: Bibliography]
Values, such as liberty and equality, are sometimes said to be incommensurable in the sense that their value cannot be reduced to a common measure. The possibility of value incommensurability is thought to raise deep questions about practicalreason and rational choice as well as related questions concerning topics as diverse as akrasia, moral dilemmas, the plausibility of utilitarianism, and the foundations of liberalism. This entry outlines answers in the contemporary literature to these questions, starting with questions...
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Immanuel Kant
from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(2016-1-26 11:27)
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[Revised entry by Michael Rohlf on January 25, 2016.
Changes to: Main text, Bibliography, notes.html]
Immanuel Kant (1724 - 1804) is the central figure in modern philosophy. He synthesized early modern rationalism and empiricism, set the terms for much of nineteenth and twentieth century philosophy, and continues to exercise a significant influence today in metaphysics, epistemology, ethics, political philosophy, aesthetics, and other fields. The fundamental idea of Kant's "critical philosophy" - especially in his three Critiques: the Critique of Pure Reason (1781,...
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Camus, Albert
from Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(2016-1-22 17:04)
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Albert Camus (19131960) Albert Camus was a French-Algerian journalist, playwright, novelist, philosophical essayist, and Nobel laureate. Though he was neither by advanced training nor profession a philosopher, he nevertheless made important, forceful contributions to a wide range of issues in moral philosophy in his novels, reviews, articles, essays, and speechesfrom terrorism and political violence to … Continue reading Camus, Albert →
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