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Hartshorne, Charles: Neoclassical Metaphysics
from Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(2015-7-12 10:56)
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Charles Hartshorne: Neoclassical Metaphysics Charles Hartshorne (1897-2000) was an intrepid defender of the claims of metaphysics in a century characterized by its anti-metaphysical genius. While many influential voices were explaining what speculative philosophy could not accomplish or even proclaiming an end to it, Hartshorne was trying to show what speculative philosophy could accomplish. Metaphysics, he … Continue reading Hartshorne, Charles: Neoclassical Metaphysics →
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Bernard Bosanquet
from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(2015-7-10 11:34)
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[Revised entry by William Sweet on July 9, 2015.
Changes to: Main text, Bibliography]
Bernard Bosanquet (1848 - 1923), British philosopher, political theorist and social reformer, was one of the principal exponents (with F.H. Bradley) of late nineteenth and early twentieth century 'Absolute Idealism'....
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Personal Identity
from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(2015-7-10 9:12)
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[Revised entry by Eric T. Olson on July 9, 2015.
Changes to: Main text, Bibliography]
Personal identity deals with philosophical questions that arise about ourselves by virtue of our being people (or, as lawyers and philosophers like to say, persons). This contrasts with questions about ourselves that arise by virtue of our being living things, conscious beings, material objects, or the like. Many of these questions occur to nearly all of us now and again: What am I? When did I begin? What will happen to me when I die? Others are more...
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Action-based Theories of Perception
from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(2015-7-9 11:31)
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[New Entry by Robert Briscoe and Rick Grush on July 8, 2015.]
Action is a means of acquiring perceptual information about the environment. Turning around, for example, alters your spatial relations to surrounding objects and, hence, which of their properties you visually perceive. Moving your hand over an object's surface enables you to feel its shape, temperature, and texture. Sniffing and walking around a room enables you to track down the source of an unpleasant smell. Active or passive movements of the body can also generate useful sources of perceptual information (Gibson 1966, 1979). The pattern of optic flow in the retinal image produced by forward...
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Belief Merging and Judgment Aggregation
from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(2015-7-9 9:28)
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[New Entry by Gabriella Pigozzi on July 8, 2015.]
Groups often need to reach decisions and decisions can be complex, involving the assessment of several related issues. For example, in a university a hiring committee typically decides on a candidate on the basis of her teaching and research qualities. A city council confronted with the decision of building a bridge, may ask its members to state whether they are favorable or not and, at the same time, to provide reasons for their position (like economical and environmental impacts, or expenditure considerations). Lastly, jurors are required to decide on the liability of a defendant by expressing their...
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Natural Theology and Natural Religion
from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(2015-7-7 13:00)
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[New Entry by Andrew Chignell and Derk Pereboom on July 6, 2015.]
The term "natural religion" is sometimes taken to refer to a pantheistic doctrine according to which nature itself is divine. "Natural theology", by contrast, originally referred to (and still sometimes refers to)[1] the project of arguing for the existence of God on the basis of observed natural facts. In contemporary philosophy, however, both "natural...
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Feminist Perspectives on the Self
from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(2015-7-7 8:59)
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[Revised entry by Cynthia Willett, Ellie Anderson, and Diana Meyers on July 6, 2015.
Changes to: Main text, Bibliography, bib.html]
The topic of the self has long been salient in feminist philosophy, for it is pivotal to questions about personal identity, the body, sociality, and agency that feminism must address. Simone de Beauvoir's provocative declaration, "He is the Subject, he is the Absolute - she is the Other," signals the central importance of the self for feminism. To be the Other is to be the non-subject, the non-person, the non-agent - in short, the mere body. In law,...
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Homosexuality
from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(2015-7-6 10:54)
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[Revised entry by Brent Pickett on July 5, 2015.
Changes to: Main text, Bibliography]
The term 'homosexuality' was coined in the late 19th century by a German psychologist, Karoly Maria Benkert. Although the term is new, discussions about sexuality in general, and same-sex attraction in particular, have occasioned philosophical discussion ranging from Plato's Symposium to contemporary queer theory. Since the history of cultural understandings of same-sex attraction is relevant to the philosophical issues raised by those...
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Political Constructivism
from Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(2015-6-30 14:15)
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Political Constructivism Political Constructivism is a method for producing and defending principles of justice and legitimacy. It is most closely associated with John Rawls’ technique of subjecting our deliberations about justice to certain hypothetical constraints. Rawls argued that if all of us reason in the light of these conditions we could arrive at the same … Continue reading Political Constructivism →
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Heidegger's Aesthetics
from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(2015-6-27 16:43)
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[Revised entry by Iain Thomson on June 26, 2015.
Changes to: Bibliography, notes.html]
Heidegger is against the modern tradition of philosophical "aesthetics" because he is for the true "work of art" which, he argues, the aesthetic approach to art eclipses. Heidegger's critique of aesthetics and his advocacy of art thus form a complementary whole. Section 1 orients the reader by providing a brief overview of Heidegger's philosophical stand against aesthetics, for art. Section 2 explains...
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