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Mandeville, Bernard
from Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(2013-10-2 4:46)
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Bernard Mandeville (1670-1733) Bernard Mandeville is primarily remembered for his impact on discussions of morality and economic theory in the early eighteenth century. His most noteworthy and notorious work is The Fable of the Bees, which triggered immense public criticism at the time. He had a particular influence on philosophers of the Scottish Enlightenment, most […]
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Liberal Feminism
from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(2013-10-1 14:14)
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[Revised entry by Amy R. Baehr on September 30, 2013.
Changes to: Main text, Bibliography]
Liberals hold that freedom is a fundamental value, and that the just state ensures freedom for individuals. Liberal feminists share this view, and insist on freedom for women. There is disagreement among liberals about what freedom means, and thus liberal feminism takes more than one form. This entry discusses two basic kinds of liberal feminism. Part one discusses what, in the philosophical literature, is...
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Alan Turing
from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(2013-10-1 12:44)
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[Revised entry by Andrew Hodges on September 30, 2013.
Changes to: Main text, Bibliography]
Alan Turing (1912 - 1954) never described himself as a philosopher, but his 1950 paper "Computing Machinery and Intelligence" is one of the most frequently cited in modern philosophical literature. It gave a fresh approach to the traditional mind-body problem, by relating it to the mathematical concept of computability he himself had introduced in his 1936 - 7 paper "On computable numbers, with an application to the...
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Dynamic Epistemic Logic
from Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(2013-9-30 1:15)
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Dynamic Epistemic Logic DynamicEpistemicLogic
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Singular Propositions
from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(2013-9-28 10:17)
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[Revised entry by Greg Fitch and Michael Nelson on September 27, 2013.
Changes to: Main text, Bibliography]
Singular propositions (also called ''Russellian propositions'') are propositions that are about a particular individual in virtue of having that individual as a direct constituent. This characterization assumes a structured view of propositions - see propositions: structured. Alleged examples of singular propositions are the propositions [Mont Blanc is more than 4,000 meters high], [Socrates was wise], and [She...
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Impossible Worlds
from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(2013-9-25 14:51)
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[Revised entry by Francesco Berto on September 24, 2013.
Changes to: Main text, Bibliography]
It is a venerable slogan due to David Hume, and inherited by the empiricist tradition, that the impossible cannot be believed, or even conceived. In Positivismus und Realismus, Moritz Schlick claimed that, while the merely practically impossible is still conceivable, the logically impossible, such as an explicit inconsistency, is simply unthinkable....
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Condemnation of 1277
from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(2013-9-25 10:13)
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[Revised entry by Hans Thijssen on September 24, 2013.
Changes to: Main text, Bibliography]
On March 7, 1277, the Bishop of Paris, Stephen Tempier, prohibited the teaching of 219 philosophical and theological theses that were being discussed and disputed in the faculty of arts under his jurisdiction. Tempier's condemnation has gained great symbolic meaning in the minds of modern intellectual historians, and possibly for this reason, there is still considerable disagreement about what motivated Tempier to...
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Heinrich Rickert
from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(2013-9-24 11:46)
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[Revised entry by Andrea Staiti on September 23, 2013.
Changes to: Main text, Bibliography]
Heinrich Rickert was born in Gdańsk (then Danzig, in Prussia) on May 25th 1863. His father Heinrich Rickert Sr. (1833 - 1902) was a politician and editor in Berlin. Heinrich Sr. was a liberal democrat particularly invested in the cause of the German Jews. In 1890 Heinrich Sr. founded the Society Against Anti-Semitism in Berlin (Zijderveld 2006, 9). This is an interesting fact about Rickert...
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Descartes and the Pineal Gland
from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(2013-9-19 8:54)
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[Revised entry by Gert-Jan Lokhorst on September 18, 2013.
Changes to: Bibliography]
The pineal gland is a tiny organ in the center of the brain that played an important role in Descartes' philosophy. He regarded it as the principal seat of the soul and the place in which all our thoughts are formed. In this entry, we discuss Descartes' views concerning the pineal gland. We also put them into a historical context by describing the main theories about the functions of the pineal gland that were...
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Lequyer (Lequier), Jules
from Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(2013-9-19 5:10)
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Jules Lequyer (Lequier)(18141862) Like Kierkegaard, Jules Lequyer (Luh-key-eh) resisted, with every philosophical and literary tool at his disposal, the monistic philosophies that attempt to weave human choice into the seamless cloth of the absolute. Although haunted by the suspicion that freedom is an illusion fostered by an ignorance of the causes working within us, he […]
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