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Intuitionism in the Philosophy of Mathematics
from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(2013-8-15 11:23)
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[Revised entry by Rosalie Iemhoff on August 14, 2013.
Changes to: Main text, Bibliography]
Intuitionism is a philosophy of mathematics that was introduced by the Dutch mathematician L.E.J. Brouwer (1881 - 1966). Intuitionism is based on the idea that mathematics is a creation of the mind. The truth of a mathematical statement can only be conceived via a mental construction that proves it to be true, and the communication between mathematicians only serves as a means to create the same mental process...
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Latin American Philosophy
from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(2013-8-15 10:12)
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[New Entry by Jorge Gracia and Manuel Vargas on August 14, 2013.]
Latin American philosophy is generally understood to be philosophy produced in Latin America or philosophy produced by persons of Latin American ancestry who reside outside of Latin America. It is typically taken to exclude philosophy produced in non-Iberian former colonies, with the occasional exception of former French colonies in the Caribbean. Other names have also been used to refer to the whole or...
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Feminist Perspectives on Rape
from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(2013-8-15 9:18)
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[Revised entry by Rebecca Whisnant on August 14, 2013.
Changes to: Main text, Bibliography]
Although the proper definition of 'rape' is itself a matter of some dispute, rape is generally understood to involve sexual penetration of a person by force and/or without that person's consent. Rape is committed overwhelmingly by men and boys, usually against women and girls, and sometimes against other men and boys. (For the most part, this entry will assume male perpetrators and female...
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Being and Becoming in Modern Physics
from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(2013-8-14 11:17)
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[Revised entry by Steven Savitt on August 13, 2013.
Changes to: Main text, Bibliography, notes.html]
What is time, and is it real? If it is, does time flow or lapse or pass? Are the future or the past as real as the present? These metaphysical questions have been debated for more than two millennia, with no resolution in sight. Modern physics provides us, however, with tools that enable us to sharpen these old questions and generate new arguments. Does the special theory of relativity, for example, show...
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Plato's Cratylus
from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(2013-8-14 10:54)
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[Revised entry by David Sedley on August 13, 2013.
Changes to: Main text, Bibliography]
The formal topic of the Cratylus is 'correctness of names', a hot topic in the late fifth century BC when the dialogue has its dramatic setting. Sophists like Prodicus offered training courses in this subject, sometimes perhaps meaning by it little more than lessons in correct diction. But that practical issue spawned the theoretical question, what criteria determine the correct...
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Philosophy through Film
from Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(2013-8-12 16:29)
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Philosophy through Film This article introduces the main perspectives concerning philosophy through film. Film is understood not so much as an object of philosophical reflection but as a medium for engaging in philosophy. Contributions to the area have flourished since the beginning of the 21st century, along with debates over the extent to which film [...]
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Aesthetic Formalism
from Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(2013-8-12 15:32)
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Aesthetic Formalism Formalism in aesthetics has traditionally been taken to refer to the view in the philosophy of art that the properties in virtue of which an artwork is an artworkand in virtue of which its value is determinedare formal in the sense of being accessible by direct sensation (typically sight or hearing) alone. While [...]
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Diodorus Cronus
from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(2013-8-10 17:16)
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[Revised entry by David Sedley on August 10, 2013.
Changes to: Main text]
Diodorus was a pioneering logician, and the most celebrated member of the Dialectical School of the 4th - 3rd c. BCE. His contributions to logic - in particular, definitions of modal terms and the criteria for a sound conditional - are covered in the article on the Dialectical School (see also Section 2 of the entry on...
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Lucretius
from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(2013-8-10 17:16)
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[Revised entry by David Sedley on August 10, 2013.
Changes to: Main text, Bibliography]
Titus Lucretius Carus (died mid to late 50s BCE) was an Epicurean poet of the late Roman republican era. His six-book Latin hexameter poem De rerum natura (DRN for short), variously translated On the nature of things and On the nature of the universe, survives virtually intact, although it is disputed whether he lived to put the finishing touches to it. As well as being a pioneering figure in the history of philosophical poetry,...
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Privacy
from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(2013-8-10 14:30)
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[Revised entry by Judith DeCew on August 9, 2013.
Changes to: Bibliography]
The term "privacy" is used frequently in ordinary language as well as in philosophical, political and legal discussions, yet there is no single definition or analysis or meaning of the term. The concept of privacy has broad historical roots in sociological and anthropological discussions about how extensively it is valued and preserved in various cultures. Moreover, the concept has historical...
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